criminal psychology- 第108部分

It　is　characteristic　of　egoism　that　it　causes　people　to　permit　themselves　to　be　bribed　by　being　met　half…way。　The　inclination　and　favor　of　most　men　is　won　by　nothing　so　easily　and　completely　as　by　real　or　apparent　devotion　and　interest。　If　this　is　done　at　all　cleverly；　few　can　resist　it；　and　the　prepossession　in　their　favor　is　complete。　How　many　are　free　of　prejudice　against　ugly；　deformed；　red…haired；　stuttering；　individuals；　and　who　has　no　prejudice　in　favor　of　handsome；　lovable　people？　Even　the　most　just　must　make　an　effort　so　to　meet　his　neighbor　as　to　be　without　prejudice　for　or　against　him；　because　of　his　natural　endowment。

Behavior　and　little　pleasantnesses　are　almost　as　important。　Suppose　that　a　criminalist　has　worked　hard　all　morning。　It　is　long　past　the　time　at　which　he　had；　for　one　reason　or　another；　hoped　to　　get　home；　and　just　as　he　is　putting　his　hat　on　his　head；　along　comes　a　man　who　wants　to　lay　information　concerning　some　ancient　apparent　perjury。　The　man　had　let　it　go　for　years；　here　he　is　with　it　again　at　just　this　inconvenient　moment。　He　has　come　a　long　distance　he　can　not　be　sent　away。　His　case；　moreover；　seems　improbable　and　the　man　expresses　himself　with　difficulty。　Finally；　when　the　protocol　is　made；　it　appears　that　he　has　not　been　properly　understood；　and　moreover；　that　he　has　added　many　irrelevant　thingsin　short；　he　strains　one's　patience　to　the　limit。　Now；　I　should　like　to　know　the　criminalist　who　would　not　acquire　a　vigorous　prejudice　against　this　complainant？　It　would　be　so　natural　that　nobody　would　blame　one　for　such　a　prejudice。　At　the　same　time　it　is　proper　to　require　that　it　shall　be　only　transitive；　and　that　later；　when　the　feeling　has　calmed；　everything　shall　be　handled　with　scrupulous　conscientiousness　so　as　to　repair　whatever　in　the　first　instance　might　have　been　harmed。

It　is　neither　necessary　nor　possible　to　discuss　all　the　particular　forms　of　prepossession。　There　is　the　unconditional　necessity　of　merely　making　a　thoroughly　careful　search　for　their　presence　if　any　indication　whatever；　even　the　remotest；　shows　its　likelihood。　Of　the　extremest　limit　of　possible　prejudice；　names　may　serve　as　examples。　It　sounds　funny　to　say　that　a　man　may　be　prejudiced　for　or　against　an　individual　by　the　sound　of　his　name；　but　it　is　true。　Who　will　deny　that　he　has　been　inclined　to　favor　people　because　they　bore　a　beloved　name；　and　who　has　not　heard　remarks　like；　‘‘The　very　name　of　that　fellow　makes　me　sick。''　I　remember　clearly　two　cases。　In　one；　Patriz　Sevenpounder　and　Emmerenzia　Hinterkofler　were　accused　of　swindling；　and　my　first　notion　was　that　such　honorable　names　could　not　possibly　belong　to　people　guilty　of　swindling。　The　opposite　case　was　one　in　which　a　deposition　concerning　some　attack　upon　him　was　signed　by　Arthur　Filgr