own and so often practiced that they became involuntary。＇2＇ Hence； for example； the foolish question how a person believed to be disguised can be recognized as man or woman。 The well known answer is： let some small object fall on his lap； the woman will spread her limbs apart because she is accustomed to wear a dress in which she catches the object； the man will bring his limbs together because he wears trousers and is able to catch the object only in this way。 There are so many such habitual actions that it is difficult to say where actual reflexes end and habits begin。 They will be properly distinguished when the first are understood as single detached movements and the last as a continuous； perhaps even unconscious and long…enduring action。 When I； for example； while working； take a cigar； cut off the end； light it； smoke； and later am absolutely unaware that I have done this； what has occurred is certainly not a reflex but a habitual action。 The latter does not belong to this class in which are to be grouped only such as practically bear a defensive character。 As examples of how such movements may have criminological significance only one's own
＇1＇ Berz