¡¶art of war¡·

ÏÂÔر¾Êé

Ìí¼ÓÊéÇ©

art of war- µÚ19²¿·Ö


°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡


and¡¡keep¡¡them¡¡constantly¡¡engaged£»



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§Literally£»¡¡¡¡¡¨make¡¡servants¡¡of¡¡them¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡Tu¡¡Yu¡¡says¡¡¡¡¡¨prevent¡¡

the¡¡from¡¡having¡¡any¡¡rest¡£¡¨£§



hold¡¡out¡¡specious¡¡allurements£»¡¡and¡¡make¡¡them¡¡rush¡¡to¡¡any¡¡given¡¡

point¡£



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§Meng¡¡Shih's¡¡note¡¡contains¡¡an¡¡excellent¡¡example¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

idiomatic¡¡use¡¡of£º¡¡¡¡¡¨cause¡¡them¡¡to¡¡forget¡¡PIEN¡¡£¨the¡¡reasons¡¡for¡¡

acting¡¡otherwise¡¡than¡¡on¡¡their¡¡first¡¡impulse£©£»¡¡and¡¡hasten¡¡in¡¡our¡¡

direction¡£¡¨£§



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡11¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡art¡¡of¡¡war¡¡teaches¡¡us¡¡to¡¡rely¡¡not¡¡on¡¡the¡¡likelihood¡¡

of¡¡the¡¡enemy's¡¡not¡¡coming£»¡¡but¡¡on¡¡our¡¡own¡¡readiness¡¡to¡¡receive¡¡

him£»¡¡¡¡not¡¡on¡¡the¡¡chance¡¡of¡¡his¡¡not¡¡attacking£»¡¡but¡¡rather¡¡on¡¡the¡¡

fact¡¡that¡¡we¡¡have¡¡made¡¡our¡¡position¡¡unassailable¡£

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡12¡£¡¡¡¡There¡¡are¡¡five¡¡dangerous¡¡faults¡¡which¡¡may¡¡affect¡¡a¡¡

general£º¡¡¡¡£¨1£©¡¡¡¡Recklessness£»¡¡which¡¡leads¡¡to¡¡destruction£»



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§¡¨Bravery¡¡without¡¡forethought£»¡¨¡¡as¡¡Ts¡®ao¡¡Kung¡¡analyzes¡¡it£»¡¡

which¡¡causes¡¡a¡¡man¡¡to¡¡fight¡¡blindly¡¡and¡¡desperately¡¡like¡¡a¡¡mad¡¡

bull¡£¡¡¡¡Such¡¡an¡¡opponent£»¡¡says¡¡Chang¡¡Yu£»¡¡¡¨must¡¡not¡¡be¡¡encountered¡¡

with¡¡brute¡¡force£»¡¡but¡¡may¡¡be¡¡lured¡¡into¡¡an¡¡ambush¡¡and¡¡slain¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡

Cf¡£¡¡Wu¡¡Tzu£»¡¡chap¡£¡¡IV¡£¡¡ad¡¡init¡££º¡¡¡¡¡¨In¡¡estimating¡¡the¡¡character¡¡of¡¡

a¡¡general£»¡¡¡¡men¡¡are¡¡wont¡¡to¡¡pay¡¡exclusive¡¡attention¡¡to¡¡his¡¡

courage£»¡¡¡¡forgetting¡¡that¡¡courage¡¡is¡¡only¡¡one¡¡out¡¡of¡¡many¡¡

qualities¡¡which¡¡a¡¡general¡¡should¡¡possess¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡merely¡¡brave¡¡man¡¡

is¡¡prone¡¡to¡¡fight¡¡recklessly£»¡¡and¡¡he¡¡who¡¡fights¡¡recklessly£»¡¡

without¡¡any¡¡perception¡¡of¡¡what¡¡is¡¡expedient£»¡¡must¡¡be¡¡condemned¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡

Ssu¡­ma¡¡Fa£»¡¡too£»¡¡make¡¡the¡¡incisive¡¡remark£º¡¡¡¡¡¨Simply¡¡going¡¡to¡¡one's¡¡

death¡¡does¡¡not¡¡bring¡¡about¡¡victory¡£¡¨£§



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨2£©¡¡¡¡cowardice£»¡¡which¡¡leads¡¡to¡¡capture£»



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§Ts¡®ao¡¡Kung¡¡defines¡¡the¡¡Chinese¡¡word¡¡translated¡¡here¡¡as¡¡

¡¨cowardice¡¨¡¡¡¡as¡¡being¡¡of¡¡the¡¡man¡¡¡¨whom¡¡timidity¡¡prevents¡¡from¡¡

advancing¡¡to¡¡seize¡¡an¡¡advantage£»¡¨¡¡and¡¡Wang¡¡Hsi¡¡adds¡¡¡¨who¡¡is¡¡quick¡¡

to¡¡flee¡¡at¡¡the¡¡sight¡¡of¡¡danger¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡Meng¡¡Shih¡¡gives¡¡the¡¡closer¡¡

paraphrase¡¡¡¨he¡¡who¡¡is¡¡bent¡¡on¡¡returning¡¡alive£»¡¨¡¡this¡¡is£»¡¡the¡¡man¡¡

who¡¡will¡¡never¡¡take¡¡a¡¡risk¡£¡¡¡¡But£»¡¡as¡¡Sun¡¡Tzu¡¡knew£»¡¡nothing¡¡is¡¡to¡¡

be¡¡achieved¡¡in¡¡war¡¡unless¡¡you¡¡are¡¡willing¡¡to¡¡take¡¡risks¡£¡¡¡¡T¡®ai¡¡

Kung¡¡said£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨He¡¡who¡¡lets¡¡an¡¡advantage¡¡slip¡¡will¡¡subsequently¡¡

bring¡¡upon¡¡himself¡¡real¡¡disaster¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡In¡¡404¡¡A¡£D¡££»¡¡Liu¡¡Yu¡¡pursued¡¡

the¡¡rebel¡¡Huan¡¡Hsuan¡¡up¡¡the¡¡Yangtsze¡¡and¡¡fought¡¡a¡¡naval¡¡battle¡¡

with¡¡him¡¡at¡¡the¡¡island¡¡of¡¡Ch¡®eng¡­hung¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡loyal¡¡troops¡¡numbered¡¡

only¡¡a¡¡few¡¡thousands£»¡¡while¡¡their¡¡opponents¡¡were¡¡in¡¡great¡¡force¡£¡¡¡¡

But¡¡Huan¡¡Hsuan£»¡¡¡¡fearing¡¡the¡¡fate¡¡which¡¡was¡¡in¡¡store¡¡for¡¡him¡¡

should¡¡be¡¡be¡¡overcome£»¡¡had¡¡a¡¡light¡¡boat¡¡made¡¡fast¡¡to¡¡the¡¡side¡¡of¡¡

his¡¡war¡­junk£»¡¡¡¡so¡¡that¡¡he¡¡might¡¡escape£»¡¡¡¡if¡¡necessary£»¡¡¡¡at¡¡a¡¡

moment's¡¡notice¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡natural¡¡result¡¡was¡¡that¡¡the¡¡fighting¡¡spirit¡¡

of¡¡his¡¡soldiers¡¡was¡¡utterly¡¡quenched£»¡¡and¡¡when¡¡the¡¡loyalists¡¡made¡¡

an¡¡attack¡¡from¡¡windward¡¡with¡¡fireships£»¡¡all¡¡striving¡¡with¡¡the¡¡

utmost¡¡ardor¡¡to¡¡be¡¡first¡¡in¡¡the¡¡fray£»¡¡Huan¡¡Hsuan's¡¡forces¡¡were¡¡

routed£»¡¡¡¡had¡¡to¡¡burn¡¡all¡¡their¡¡baggage¡¡and¡¡fled¡¡for¡¡two¡¡days¡¡and¡¡

nights¡¡without¡¡stopping¡£¡¡¡¡Chang¡¡Yu¡¡tells¡¡a¡¡somewhat¡¡similar¡¡story¡¡

of¡¡Chao¡¡Ying¡­ch¡®i£»¡¡¡¡a¡¡general¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Chin¡¡State¡¡who¡¡during¡¡a¡¡

battle¡¡with¡¡the¡¡army¡¡of¡¡Ch¡®u¡¡in¡¡597¡¡B¡£C¡£¡¡had¡¡a¡¡boat¡¡kept¡¡in¡¡

readiness¡¡for¡¡him¡¡on¡¡the¡¡river£»¡¡wishing¡¡in¡¡case¡¡of¡¡defeat¡¡to¡¡be¡¡

the¡¡first¡¡to¡¡get¡¡across¡££§



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨3£©¡¡¡¡a¡¡hasty¡¡temper£»¡¡which¡¡can¡¡be¡¡provoked¡¡by¡¡insults£»



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§Tu¡¡Mu¡¡tells¡¡us¡¡that¡¡Yao¡¡Hsing£»¡¡when¡¡opposed¡¡in¡¡357¡¡A¡£D¡£¡¡¡¡by¡¡

Huang¡¡Mei£»¡¡¡¡Teng¡¡Ch¡®iang¡¡and¡¡others¡¡shut¡¡himself¡¡up¡¡behind¡¡his¡¡

walls¡¡and¡¡refused¡¡to¡¡fight¡£¡¡¡¡Teng¡¡Ch¡®iang¡¡said£º¡¡¡¡¡¨Our¡¡adversary¡¡

is¡¡of¡¡a¡¡choleric¡¡temper¡¡and¡¡easily¡¡provoked£»¡¡let¡¡us¡¡make¡¡constant¡¡

sallies¡¡and¡¡break¡¡down¡¡his¡¡walls£»¡¡then¡¡he¡¡will¡¡grow¡¡angry¡¡and¡¡

come¡¡out¡£¡¡¡¡Once¡¡we¡¡can¡¡bring¡¡his¡¡force¡¡to¡¡battle£»¡¡it¡¡is¡¡doomed¡¡to¡¡

be¡¡our¡¡prey¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡This¡¡plan¡¡was¡¡acted¡¡upon£»¡¡Yao¡¡Hsiang¡¡came¡¡out¡¡to¡¡

fight£»¡¡¡¡was¡¡lured¡¡as¡¡far¡¡as¡¡San¡­yuan¡¡by¡¡the¡¡enemy's¡¡pretended¡¡

flight£»¡¡and¡¡finally¡¡attacked¡¡and¡¡slain¡££§



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨4£©¡¡¡¡a¡¡delicacy¡¡of¡¡honor¡¡which¡¡is¡¡sensitive¡¡to¡¡shame£»



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§This¡¡need¡¡not¡¡be¡¡taken¡¡to¡¡mean¡¡that¡¡a¡¡sense¡¡of¡¡honor¡¡is¡¡

really¡¡a¡¡defect¡¡in¡¡a¡¡general¡£¡¡¡¡What¡¡Sun¡¡Tzu¡¡condemns¡¡is¡¡rather¡¡an¡¡

exaggerated¡¡sensitiveness¡¡to¡¡slanderous¡¡reports£»¡¡the¡¡thin¡­skinned¡¡

man¡¡who¡¡is¡¡stung¡¡by¡¡opprobrium£»¡¡however¡¡undeserved¡£¡¡¡¡Mei¡¡Yao¡­

ch¡®en¡¡truly¡¡observes£»¡¡though¡¡somewhat¡¡paradoxically£º¡¡¡¡¡¨The¡¡seek¡¡

after¡¡glory¡¡should¡¡be¡¡careless¡¡of¡¡public¡¡opinion¡£¡¨£§



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨5£©¡¡¡¡over¡­solicitude¡¡for¡¡his¡¡men£»¡¡which¡¡exposes¡¡him¡¡to¡¡worry¡¡

and¡¡trouble¡£



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§Here¡¡again£»¡¡Sun¡¡Tzu¡¡does¡¡not¡¡mean¡¡that¡¡the¡¡general¡¡is¡¡to¡¡be¡¡

careless¡¡of¡¡the¡¡welfare¡¡of¡¡his¡¡troops¡£¡¡¡¡All¡¡he¡¡wishes¡¡to¡¡

emphasize¡¡is¡¡the¡¡danger¡¡of¡¡sacrificing¡¡any¡¡important¡¡military¡¡

advantage¡¡to¡¡the¡¡immediate¡¡comfort¡¡of¡¡his¡¡men¡£¡¡¡¡This¡¡is¡¡a¡¡

shortsighted¡¡policy£»¡¡¡¡because¡¡in¡¡the¡¡long¡¡run¡¡the¡¡troops¡¡will¡¡

suffer¡¡more¡¡from¡¡the¡¡defeat£»¡¡or£»¡¡at¡¡best£»¡¡the¡¡prolongation¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

war£»¡¡¡¡which¡¡will¡¡be¡¡the¡¡consequence¡£¡¡¡¡A¡¡mistaken¡¡feeling¡¡of¡¡pity¡¡

will¡¡often¡¡induce¡¡a¡¡general¡¡to¡¡relieve¡¡a¡¡beleaguered¡¡city£»¡¡or¡¡to¡¡

reinforce¡¡a¡¡hard¡­pressed¡¡detachment£»¡¡contrary¡¡to¡¡his¡¡military¡¡

instincts¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡now¡¡generally¡¡admitted¡¡that¡¡our¡¡repeated¡¡

efforts¡¡to¡¡relieve¡¡Ladysmith¡¡in¡¡the¡¡South¡¡African¡¡War¡¡were¡¡so¡¡

many¡¡strategical¡¡blunders¡¡which¡¡defeated¡¡their¡¡own¡¡purpose¡£¡¡¡¡And¡¡

in¡¡the¡¡end£»¡¡relief¡¡came¡¡through¡¡the¡¡very¡¡man¡¡who¡¡started¡¡out¡¡with¡¡

the¡¡distinct¡¡resolve¡¡no¡¡longer¡¡to¡¡subordinate¡¡the¡¡interests¡¡of¡¡

the¡¡whole¡¡to¡¡sentiment¡¡in¡¡favor¡¡of¡¡a¡¡part¡£¡¡¡¡An¡¡old¡¡soldier¡¡of¡¡one¡¡

of¡¡our¡¡generals¡¡who¡¡failed¡¡most¡¡conspicuously¡¡in¡¡this¡¡war£»¡¡¡¡tried¡¡

once£»¡¡¡¡I¡¡remember£»¡¡to¡¡defend¡¡him¡¡to¡¡me¡¡on¡¡the¡¡ground¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡

always¡¡¡¨so¡¡good¡¡to¡¡his¡¡men¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡By¡¡this¡¡plea£»¡¡had¡¡he¡¡but¡¡known¡¡it£»¡¡

he¡¡was¡¡only¡¡condemning¡¡him¡¡out¡¡of¡¡Sun¡¡Tzu's¡¡mouth¡££§



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡13¡£¡¡¡¡These¡¡are¡¡the¡¡five¡¡besetting¡¡sins¡¡of¡¡a¡¡general£»¡¡ruinous¡¡

to¡¡the¡¡conduct¡¡of¡¡war¡£

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡14¡£¡¡¡¡When¡¡an¡¡army¡¡is¡¡overthrown¡¡and¡¡its¡¡leader¡¡slain£»¡¡¡¡the¡¡

cause¡¡will¡¡surely¡¡be¡¡found¡¡among¡¡these¡¡five¡¡dangerous¡¡faults¡£¡¡¡¡

Let¡¡them¡¡be¡¡a¡¡subject¡¡of¡¡meditation¡£





£§1£§¡¡¡¡¡¨Marshal¡¡Turenne£»¡¨¡¡p¡£¡¡50¡£



¡­



IX¡£¡¡¡¡THE¡¡ARMY¡¡ON¡¡THE¡¡MARCH





¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§The¡¡contents¡¡of¡¡this¡¡interesting¡¡chapter¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡better¡¡

indicated¡¡in¡¡ss¡£¡¡1¡¡than¡¡by¡¡this¡¡heading¡££§



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡£¡¡¡¡Sun¡¡Tzu¡¡said£º¡¡¡¡We¡¡come¡¡now¡¡to¡¡the¡¡question¡¡of¡¡encamping¡¡

the¡¡army£»¡¡and¡¡observing¡¡signs¡¡of¡¡the¡¡enemy¡£¡¡¡¡Pass¡¡quickly¡¡over¡¡

mountains£»¡¡and¡¡keep¡¡in¡¡the¡¡neighborhood¡¡of¡¡valleys¡£



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§The¡¡idea¡¡is£»¡¡not¡¡to¡¡linger¡¡among¡¡barren¡¡uplands£»¡¡¡¡but¡¡to¡¡

keep¡¡close¡¡to¡¡supplies¡¡of¡¡water¡¡and¡¡grass¡£¡¡¡¡Cf¡£¡¡Wu¡¡Tzu£»¡¡¡¡ch¡£¡¡¡¡3£º¡¡¡¡

¡¨Abide¡¡not¡¡in¡¡natural¡¡ovens£»¡¨¡¡i¡£e¡£¡¡¡¨the¡¡openings¡¡of¡¡valleys¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡

Chang¡¡Yu¡¡tells¡¡the¡¡following¡¡anecdote£º¡¡¡¡Wu¡­tu¡¡Ch¡®iang¡¡was¡¡a¡¡

robber¡¡captain¡¡in¡¡the¡¡time¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Later¡¡Han£»¡¡and¡¡Ma¡¡Yuan¡¡was¡¡sent¡¡

to¡¡exterminate¡¡his¡¡gang¡£¡¡¡¡Ch¡®iang¡¡having¡¡found¡¡a¡¡refuge¡¡in¡¡the¡¡

hills£»¡¡Ma¡¡Yuan¡¡made¡¡no¡¡attempt¡¡to¡¡force¡¡a¡¡battle£»¡¡but¡¡seized¡¡all¡¡

the¡¡favorable¡¡positions¡¡commanding¡¡supplies¡¡of¡¡water¡¡and¡¡forage¡£¡¡¡¡

Ch¡®iang¡¡was¡¡soon¡¡in¡¡such¡¡a¡¡desperate¡¡plight¡¡for¡¡want¡¡of¡¡

provisions¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡forced¡¡to¡¡make¡¡a¡¡total¡¡surrender¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡did¡¡

not¡¡know¡¡the¡¡advantage¡¡of¡¡keeping¡¡in¡¡the¡¡neighborhood¡¡of¡¡

valleys¡£¡¨£§



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡£¡¡¡¡Camp¡¡in¡¡high¡¡places£»



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§Not¡¡on¡¡high¡¡hills£»¡¡but¡¡on¡¡knolls¡¡or¡¡hillocks¡¡elevated¡¡above¡¡

the¡¡surrounding¡¡country¡££§



facing¡¡the¡¡sun¡£



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§Tu¡¡Mu¡¡takes¡¡this¡¡to¡¡mean¡¡¡¨facing¡¡south£»¡¨¡¡¡¡and¡¡Ch¡®en¡¡Hao¡¡

¡¨facing¡¡east¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡Cf¡£¡¡¡¡infra£»¡¡SS¡£¡¡11£»¡¡13¡£



Do¡¡not¡¡climb¡¡heights¡¡in¡¡order¡¡to¡¡fight¡£¡¡¡¡So¡¡much¡¡for¡¡mountain¡¡

warfare¡£

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡£¡¡¡¡After¡¡crossing¡¡a¡¡river£»¡¡you¡¡should¡¡get¡¡far¡¡away¡¡from¡¡it¡£



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§¡¨In¡¡order¡¡to¡¡tempt¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡to¡¡cross¡¡after¡¡you£»¡¨¡¡according¡¡

to¡¡Ts¡®ao¡¡Kung£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡also£»¡¡says¡¡Chang¡¡Yu£»¡¡¡¨in¡¡order¡¡not¡¡to¡¡be¡¡

impeded¡¡in¡¡your¡¡evolutions¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡The¡¡T¡®UNG¡¡TIEN¡¡reads£»¡¡¡¨If¡¡THE¡¡ENEMY¡¡

crosses¡¡a¡¡river£»¡¨¡¡etc¡£¡¡¡¡But¡¡in¡¡view¡¡of¡¡the¡¡next¡¡sentence£»¡¡this¡¡is¡¡

almost¡¡certainly¡¡an¡¡interpolation¡££§



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4¡£¡¡¡¡When¡¡an¡¡invading¡¡force¡¡crosses¡¡a¡¡river¡¡in¡¡its¡¡onward¡¡

march£»¡¡do¡¡not¡¡advance¡¡to¡¡meet¡¡it¡¡in¡¡mid¡­stream¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡will¡¡be¡¡best¡¡

to¡¡let¡¡half¡¡the¡¡army¡¡get¡¡across£»¡¡and¡¡then¡¡deliver¡¡your¡¡attack¡£



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§Li¡¡Ch¡®uan¡¡alludes¡¡to¡¡the¡¡great¡¡victory¡¡won¡¡by¡¡Han¡¡Hsin¡¡over¡¡

Lung¡¡Chu¡¡at¡¡the¡¡Wei¡¡River¡£¡¡¡¡Turning¡¡to¡¡the¡¡CH¡®IEN¡¡HAN¡¡SHU£»¡¡¡¡ch¡£¡¡

34£»¡¡fol¡£¡¡6¡¡verso£»¡¡we¡¡find¡¡the¡¡battle¡¡described¡¡as¡¡follows£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨The¡¡

two¡¡armies¡¡were¡¡drawn¡¡up¡¡on¡¡opposite¡¡sides¡¡of¡¡the¡¡river¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡the¡¡

night£»¡¡¡¡Han¡¡Hsin¡¡ordered¡¡his¡¡men¡¡to¡¡take¡¡some¡¡ten¡¡thousand¡¡sacks¡¡

filled¡¡with¡¡sand¡¡and¡¡construct¡¡a¡¡dam¡¡higher¡¡up¡£¡¡¡¡Then£»¡¡¡¡leading¡¡

half¡¡his¡¡army¡¡across£»¡¡he¡¡attacked¡¡Lung¡¡Chu£»¡¡but¡¡after¡¡a¡¡time£»¡¡

pretending¡¡to¡¡have¡¡failed¡¡in¡¡his¡¡attempt£»¡¡he¡¡hastily¡¡withdrew¡¡to¡¡

the¡¡other¡¡bank¡£¡¡¡¡Lung¡¡Chu¡¡was¡¡much¡¡elated¡¡by¡¡this¡¡unlooked¡­for¡¡

success£»¡¡and¡¡exclaiming£º¡¡¡¡¡¨I¡¡felt¡¡sure¡¡that¡¡Han¡¡Hsin¡¡was¡¡really¡¡a¡¡

coward£¡¡¨¡¡he¡¡pursued¡¡him¡¡and¡¡began¡¡crossing¡¡the¡¡river¡¡in¡¡his¡¡turn¡£¡¡¡¡

Han¡¡Hsin¡¡now¡¡sent¡¡a¡¡party¡¡to¡¡cut¡¡open¡¡the¡¡sandbags£»¡¡¡¡thus¡¡

releasing¡¡a¡¡great¡¡volume¡¡of¡¡water£»¡¡which¡¡swept¡¡down¡¡and¡¡prevented¡¡

the¡¡greater¡¡portion¡¡of¡¡Lung¡¡Chu's¡¡army¡¡from¡¡getting¡¡across¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡

then¡¡turned¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡force¡¡which¡¡had¡¡been¡¡cut¡¡off£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

annihilated¡¡it£»¡¡Lung¡¡Chu¡¡himself¡¡being¡¡amongst¡¡the¡¡slain¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡

rest¡¡of¡¡the¡¡army£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡further¡¡bank£»¡¡also¡¡scattered¡¡and¡¡fled¡¡in¡¡

all¡¡directions¡££§



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5¡£¡¡¡¡If¡¡you¡¡are¡¡anxious¡¡to¡¡fight£»¡¡you¡¡should¡¡not¡¡go¡¡to¡¡meet¡¡

the¡¡invader¡¡near¡¡a¡¡river¡¡which¡¡he¡¡has¡¡to¡¡cross¡£



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§For¡¡fear¡¡of¡¡preventing¡¡his¡¡crossing¡££§



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡6¡£¡¡¡¡Moor¡¡your¡¡craft¡¡higher¡¡up¡¡than¡¡the¡¡enemy£»¡¡and¡¡facing¡¡the¡¡

sun¡£



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§See¡¡supra£»¡¡¡¡ss¡£¡¡¡¡2¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡repetition¡¡of¡¡these¡¡words¡¡in¡¡

connection¡¡with¡¡water¡¡is¡¡very¡¡awkward¡£¡¡¡¡Chang¡¡Yu¡¡has¡¡the¡¡note£º¡¡¡¡

¡¨Said¡¡either¡¡of¡¡troops¡¡marshaled¡¡on¡¡the¡¡river¡­bank£»¡¡or¡¡of¡¡boats¡¡

anchored¡¡in¡¡the¡¡stream¡¡itself£»¡¡in¡¡either¡¡case¡¡it¡¡is¡¡essential¡¡to¡¡

be¡¡higher¡¡than¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡and¡¡facing¡¡the¡¡sun¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡other¡¡

commentators¡¡are¡¡not¡¡at¡¡all¡¡explicit¡££§



Do¡¡not¡¡move¡¡up¡­stream¡¡to¡¡meet¡¡the¡¡enemy¡£



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§Tu¡¡Mu¡¡says£º¡¡¡¡¡¨As¡¡water¡¡flows¡¡downwards£»¡¡we¡¡must¡¡not¡¡pitch¡¡

our¡¡camp¡¡on¡¡the¡¡lower¡¡reaches¡¡of¡¡a¡¡river£»¡¡for¡¡fear¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡

should¡¡open¡¡the¡¡sluices¡¡and¡¡sweep¡¡us¡¡away¡¡in¡¡a¡¡flood¡£¡¡¡¡Chu¡­ko¡¡Wu¡­

hou¡¡has¡¡remarked¡¡that¡¡'in¡¡river¡¡warfare¡¡we¡¡must¡¡not¡¡advance¡¡

against¡¡the¡¡stream£»'¡¡which¡¡is¡¡a
СÌáʾ£º°´ »Ø³µ [Enter] ¼ü ·µ»ØÊéÄ¿£¬°´ ¡û ¼ü ·µ»ØÉÏÒ»Ò³£¬ °´ ¡ú ¼ü ½øÈëÏÂÒ»Ò³¡£ ÔÞһϠÌí¼ÓÊéÇ©¼ÓÈëÊé¼Ü