《托福写作1000词》

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托福写作1000词- 第31部分


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 for 80 percent of their normal pay for it would benefit the economy。 一项强制政策要求公司为其员工提供一种选择——每周工作四天并领取正常薪资的80%——因为这将会对经济有益。
minus['main?s]prep。 减(去)a。 减的,负的;不利的 n。 负数;减号;不足
例句 1。 We should take the pluses and minuses of this plan into consideration。 我们应该考虑一下这个计划的利弊。
2。 It is forecasted that the temperature in this region is minus forty degrees Celsius today。 据预报,这个地区今天的气温在零下40摄氏度。
opportunity[?ɑ:p?r'tu:n?ti]n。 机会,时机
例句 1。 For every student; it is really an exciting thing to have the opportunity to be educated in a college。 对每个学生而言,有机会接受大学教育真的是一件令人兴奋的事情。
2。 Everybody should have the same opportunity to achieve his or her dream。 每个人都应有同样的机会去实现他们的梦想。
3。 All the students should have the opportunity to attend college no matter if they are good at study or not; because everyone should have a period to learn about themselves before they begin to work。 所有的学生都应该有上大学的机会,无论他们是否擅长学习,因为在他们工作之前应该有一段时间来了解自己。
同义 chance; occasion(n。 机会)
要点 chance主要指一种侥幸或偶然得来的机会;opportunity则指一种便于行事的时机,尤其指某种符合人们意向的事情发生的时机。在写作中,常用have the opportunity to。。。这个短语表示“有…的机会”。
optional['ɑ:p??nl]a。 可以任选的;随意的
例句 1。 For an optional review session; attendance will not be taken。 可任选的复习课不记考勤。
2。 Some people may think that going to classes should be optional; but I disagree with this view。 有些人会认为上课应该是随意的,但我不同意这个观点。
同义 voluntary(a。 志愿的)
outline['autlain]n。 轮廓;概要 v。 描绘;略述
搭配 course outline 课程概要
例句 I will outline the three main reasons why it would be a terrific holiday。 我会简单描述三个主要原因,说明为什么这是个很棒的假日。
同义 profile(n。 轮廓);summarization(n。 概要)
paraphrase['p?r?freiz]n。 释义 v。 解释;改写;改述
例句 1。 You can repeat what you said or paraphrase your argument。 你可以重复或改述你的论点。
2。 The President's comments were paraphrased by the reporter。 记者解释了总统的评论。
同义 rewrite(v。 改写)
participant[pɑ:r'tisip?nt]n。 参与者;参赛者
例句 1。 While reading; you'll be an active participant in your own enjoyment。 阅读时,你会积极地投入到自己的喜悦之中。
2。 This man was a leading participant in the movement that put an end to slavery。 这个男人就是结束奴隶制运动的一位主要参与者。
participate[pɑ:r'tisipeit]v。 参与,参加
例句 1。 It is obviously necessary to be able to read and write in order to participate in this technological revolution。 显而易见,为了加入这场科技革命之中,能读会写是必要的。
2。 Children who participate in arts course; such as painting or music; will perform better in other subjects。 参加绘画或音乐这类艺术课程的孩子,在其他科目中会表现得更好。
3。 In a healthy environment; children are able to participate in various kinds of activities。 在健康的环境中,孩子们能参与到多种多样的活动中去。
要点 在表示“参与”的时候,也可以用短语take part in,不过take part in 更强调的是“加入某个整体”。
performance[p?r'f?:rm?ns]n。 演出;履行;性能
例句 1。 When I was a student; I had nothing to concern myself with except academic performance。 当我还是学生时,除了学习成绩以外没有什么令我担忧。
2。 A child who failed to do a good job in math exam shouldn't be revealed in front of his classmates; but a child who wins the first prize should be rewarded for his performance。 如果一个孩子在数学考试中没有获得好成绩,是不应该在他的同学面前揭露这件事的;但一个孩子获得一等奖,则应该因为他的表现而对其嘉奖。
要点 performance通常用来指“工作、学习的表现”,在工作中指“绩效、业绩”,比如:The poor performance is the result of the market downturn。
possess[p?'zes]v。 具有,拥有
例句 1。 It may be inconvenient to live in dorms; but if your roommate possesses good qualities; your residential life won't be too bad。 虽然住在宿舍可能有些不方便,但如果你的室友拥有优秀的品质,那么你的住宿生活就不会太糟糕。
2。 Hospitality is merely one of the virtues that Chinese people possess; but it is of vital importance to get familiar with their customs and to read their thoughts through their manners or gestures! 好客只是中国人拥有的美德之一,但了解中国人的习俗,通过他们的仪态和肢体语言来读懂他们的想法相当重要。
preferable['prefr?bl]v。 更可取的;更合意的
例句 1。 Due to the difference in personal experience; some people hold the opinion that college education should be available to all students; meanwhile others consider that higher education being available only to excellent students is more preferable。 由于个人经历不同,有些人持有这样的观点,认为大学教育应面向所有的学生;而另一些人则认为,只有优秀学生接受大学教育才是更可取的。
2。 There are quite a lot of reasons about why receiving university education abroad is preferable; and I would explain the most important ones here。 关于为何在国外接受大学教育更可取有很多理由,而我将在这里解释最重要的几个。
proposition[?prɑ:p?'zi?n]n。 论点;建议;命题
例句 From what have been discussed above; the proposition“only people who earn a lot of money are successful”is still subjected to reconsideration。 从上面的讨论可知,“赚钱多的人才是成功者”这一论点仍要经受再次思考。
qualified['kwɑ:lifaid]a。 有资格的;及格的;合格的
例句 1。 There is no other place like college where a student can get comprehensive education in order to be qualified to become a professional in a specific field。 没有什么地方像大学一样,能让学生接受全面的教育以成为特定领域合格的专业人士。
2。 Being a leader; especially a qualified leader in a group; you can get more chances of personal advancement and gain more satisfaction from your job。 作为领导者,尤其是团队中一名合格的领导者,你可以从工作中得到更多自我提升的机会和满足感。
要点 在描述工作能力时,如果要表达“具有…的资格,可以胜任…”等含义,可以用上这个词,比如:Are you qualified for this job?
rank[r??k]v。 将…列入…的行列;将…分等级 n。 等级;社会地位;队列
例句 1。 Every year; Fortune magazine publishes a special issue that ranks the top 100 most successful people of the world。 每年,《财富》杂志都会出版一期专题,为全世界最成功的前100名人士排名。
2。 For a long time; cotton ranked first among Alabama's crops; but today it accounts for only a small part of the agricultural production。 长期以来,棉花都是阿拉巴马州头等重要的农作物,但如今它只占农业生产的一小部分。
要点 rank除了可以作动词表示“为…排名”以外,作名词表示“社会地位”的意思也很常用,比如:a man of high rank就是指“一个地位高的男人”。
recommend[?rek?'mend]v。 推荐;建议;劝告
例句 1。 Because of the reasons mentioned above; I strongly recommend that we develop a research center and it should be well funded。 由于上述原因,我强烈建议成立一个研究中心,而且应该为该中心提供良好的资金支持。
2。 For many people; they seldom have time to learn about something that doesn't relate to their career; but I would recommend that we should not focus on a certain field。 对许多人来说,他们很少有时间能去学习一些与职业无关的东西,但我建议人们不要太专注于某一特定的领域。
同义 nominate(v。 推荐)
reinforce[?ri:in'f?:rs]v。 加固,加强;增援
例句 The most important reason is that daily assignments can reinforce the knowledge students learned at school。 最重要的理由是,每日的家庭作业可以巩固学生在校学习的知识。
同义 strengthen(v。 加强)
reliability[ri?lai?'bil?ti]n。 可靠性
例句 1。 The professor challenges the skepticism expressed in the article regarding the reliability of the conversations recorded in this memoir。 文章对这部回忆录中记载的对话的可靠性表示怀疑,教授对此提出了质疑。
2。 For a reliable friend who helps you; just one sentence“thank you; my friend”is enough and you needn't think too much about how to pay back; that's the reason why I see reliability as the most important factor when I choose friends。 对于那些帮助我们的可靠朋友,只要一句“谢谢你,我的朋友”就已足够,你不必费心考虑如何回报;这就是为什么我在选择朋友时,把可靠性看做最重要的因素。
representative[?repri'zent?tiv]n。 代表 a。 典型的,有代表性的
搭配 sales representative 销售代表
例句 1。 Each place has its own representative products; which are usually hand…made。 各地都有自己的代表性产品,而且通常都是手工制作的。
2。 The Forbidden City Museum is a touristy site because it not only contains a large variety of historical objects and art works; but also is representative of Chinese history and the most brilliant achievement of Chinese ancient architecture。 故宫博物院是一个备受游客青睐的地方,因为这里不仅有大量的历史文物和艺术作品,也是中国历史和中国古代建筑最出色成就的代表。
3。 Some students have been selected as representatives to plan the graduation ceremonies。 一些学生被选为代表来筹划毕业典礼。
同义 typical(a。 典型的)
restrict[ri'strikt]v。 限制,约束
例句 1。 Education was restricted to certain areas of the society and not everyone can benefit from its advantages。 教育被局限于社会特定的部分,而且并不是每个人都可以从中获益。
2。 Although many cities require the installation of catalytic converters on motor vehicles to restrict the emission of pollutants; the concentration of millions of motor vehicles in big cities is still a problem。 尽管许多城市都要求机动车辆安装催化转换器来限制污染物的排放,但是大城市里为数众多的机动车辆集中在一起仍然是个问题。
3。 Parents who restrict their children's activities will be blamed。 限制其子女活动的父母会受到指责。
同义 limit(v。 限制);restrain(v。 抑制)
要点 restrict和restrain的含义比较容易混淆,在使用时要注意区分:restrict主要表示“限制”,而restrain则更侧重“抑制;监禁”等含义。
restriction[ri'strik?n]n。 限制,约束
例句 Suppose that if everyone can go to college without any restrictions; the campus will be too crowded; and there will be less space in the library for students。 想象一下,如果没有限制,人人都可以上大学,那么校园将变得拥挤,图书馆里供学生们学习的空间也会变少。
reward[ri'w?:rd]n。 报答,报酬;奖赏 v。 奖赏,奖励;酬谢
例句 1。 Employees who achieve this goal will be rewarded。 达到这个目标的员工将受到奖励。
2。 I took part in the competition with no expectation of being rewarded。 我参加这个比赛时没有期待得到奖赏。
同义 prize(n。 奖赏)
rewarding[ri'w?:rdi?]a。 有益的;值得做的;令人满意的
例句 Science and math are intellectually rewarding as they teach the knowledge that improves living standards。
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