scarcely ever heard of before; dare assume to have credit in a town of
sensible inhabitants and honest families; from father to son;
accustomed to governing and renowned for centuries?〃 … Ibid。; 113。
(Speech of the mayor Mouet; Floréal 21; year II。) 〃Moral purification
(in Strasbourg) has become less difficult through the reduction of
fortunes and the salutary terror excited among those covetous men 。 。
。 Civilization has encountered mighty obstacles in this great number
of well…to…do families who have nourished souvenirs of; and who regret
the privileges enjoyed by; these families under the Emperors; they
have formed a caste apart from the State carefully preserving the
gothic pictures of their ancestors they were united only amongst
themselves。 They are excluded from all public functions。 Honest
artisans; now taken from all pursuits; impel the revolutionary cart
with a vigorous hand。〃
'119' Archives des Affaires étrangères; vol。 1411。 (Instructions for
the civil commissioners by Hérault; representative of the people;
Colmar; Frimaire 2; year II。) He enumerates the diverse categories of
persons who were to be arrested; which categories are so large and
numerous as to include nine out of ten of the inhabitants。
'120' Dauban; 〃Paris en 1794;〃 p。264。 (Report of Pourveyeur; Vent?se
29。) 〃They remark (sic) that one is not (sic) a patriot with twenty…
thousand livres (sic) income; and especially a former advocate…
general。〃
'121' De Martel; 〃Fouché;〃 p。226; 228。 For instance; at Nevers; a man
of sixty…two years of age; is confined 〃as rich; egoist; fanatic;
doing nothing for the Revolution; a proprietor; and having five
hundred livres revenue。〃
'122' Buchez et Roux; XXVI。; '77。 (Speech by Cambon; April 27; 1793。)
'123' 〃Who are our enemies? The vicious and the rich。〃 … 〃 All the
rich are vicious; in opposition to the Revolution。〃 (Notes made by
Robespierre in June and July; 1793; and speech by him in the Jacobin
club; May 10; 1793。)
'124' Guillon; II。; 355。 (Instructions furnished by Collot d'Herbois
and Fouché; Brumaire 26; year II。)
'125' De Martel; 171; 181。 (Orders of Fouché; Nevers; August 25 and
October 8; 1793。)
'126' Guillon。…Archives des Affaires étrangères; F。 1411。 Reports by
observers at Paris; Aug。 12 and 13; 1793。 〃The rich man is the sworn
enemy of the Revolution。〃
'127' Archives Nationales; AF。; II。; 135。 (Orders of Saint…Just and
Lebas; Strasbourg; Brumaire 10; year II。; with the list of names of
one hundred and ninety…three persons taxed; together with their
respective amounts of taxation。) … Among others; 〃a widow Franck;
banker; two hundred thousand livres。〃 … Ibid。; AF。; II。; 49。
(Documents relating to the revolutionary tax at Belfort。) 〃Vieillard;
Moderate and egoist; ten thousand francs; Keller; rich egoist; seven
thousand; as aristocrats; of whom the elder and younger brother are
imprisoned; Barthélémy the younger ten thousand; Barthélémy senior;
three thousand five hundred; Barthelemy junior seven thousand;
citoyenne Barthélémy; mother; seven thousand; etc。〃
'128' 〃Recueil de Pièces; etc。;〃 I。; 22。 (Letter of the Strasbourg
authorities。) De Martel; p。 288。 (Letter of the authorities of
Allier。) 〃Citizens Sainay; Balome; Heulard and Lavaleisse were exposed
on the scaffold in the most rigorous season for six hours (at Moulins)
with this inscription … 〃bad citizen who has given nothing to the
charity…box。〃
'129' 〃Recueil de Pièces; etc。;〃 I。; 16。
'130' Ibid。; I。; 159。 (Orders of Brumaire 15; year II。)
'131' Archives Nationales; F。7; 2475。 (Minutes of the Revolutionary
committee of the Piques section。) September 9; 1793; at 3 o'clock in
the morning; the committee declares that; for its part; 〃it has
arrested twenty…one persons of the category below stated。〃 October 8;
it places two sans…culottes as guards in the houses of all those named
below; in the quarter; even those who could not be arrested on account
of absence。 〃It is time to take steps to make sure of all whose
indifference (sic) and moderatism is ruining the country。〃
'132' Berryat Saint…Prix; pp。36; 38。 carrier declares suspect
〃merchants and the rich。〃
'133' Moniteur; XVIII。; 641。 (Letter of the representatives
imprisoned at Bordeaux; Frimaire 10; year II。)
'134' Archives des Affaires étrangères; vol。329。 (Letter of Brutus;
October 3; 1793。)
'135' Ibid。; vol。329。 (Letter of Charles Duvivier; Lille; Vendémiaire
15; year II。)
'136' Speech by Barère; Vent?se 17; year II。
'137' Archives des Affaires étrangères; vol。 331。 Letter by
Darbault; political agent; Tarbes; Frimaire II; year II。 (Project for
doing away with middle men in trade; brokers and bankers。) 〃The
profession of a banker is abolished。 All holders of public funds are
forbidden to sell them under a year and one day after the date of
their purchase。 No one must be at the same time wholesale and retail
dealer; etc。〃 Projects of this sort are numerous。 As to the
establishment of a purely agricultural and military Republic; see the
papers of Saint…Just; and the correspondence of the Lyons Terrorists。
According to them the new France needs no silk…weavers。 The definite
formulas of the system are always found among the Babeuvists。 〃Let
the arts perish; if it must be so; provided real Equality remains。〃
(Sylvain Maréchal;〃 Maniféste des Egaux。〃)
'138' 〃Revue Historique;〃 November; 1878。 (Letter of M。 Falk; Paris;
Oct。19; 1795。)
'139' 〃Etude sur l'histoire de Grenoble Pendant la Terreur;〃 by Paul
Thibault。 (List of notorious 〃suspects〃 and of ordinary 〃suspects〃
for each district in the Isere; April and May; 1793。) … Cf。 the
various lists of Doubs in Sauzay; and of Troyes; in Albert Babeau。
'140' 〃Recueil de Pièces; etc。;〃 I。; 19; and the second letter of
Frederic Burger; Thermidor 25。 … Archives Nationales; AF。;
II。;111。(Order of Representatives Merlincourt and Amar; Grenoble;
April 27; 1793。) 〃The persons charged with the actual government of
and instruction in the public establishments known in this town under
the titles of; 1st; Orphelines; 2nd Presentins; 3rd Capuchins; 4th ;
Le Propagation; 5th ; Hospice for female servants。 。 。 。 are put
under arrest and are forbidden to take any part whatever in the
functions relating to teaching; education or instruction。〃
'141' Moniteur; XXI。; 645。 (Session of the Convention; Fructidor 14;
year II。) … 〃Bibliotèque nationale;〃 LB41; 1802; (Denounciation of the
six sections of the commune of Dijon); 3: 〃Woe betide those are seen
in any way; either due to an honest affluence; a good education; an
elegant dress or some talent or other; as being different from their
fellow citizens! They are likely to be persecuted or to be killed。〃
'142' Perhaps there is a connection with Mao Zedong and the Chinese
Cultural Revolution。 (SR。)
'143' Moniteur; XVIII。; 51。 (Letter by Carrier; Brumaire 17; year
II。) … Berryat Saint…Prix; pp。36 and 38。
'144' Berriat…Saint…Prix; 240 (The imprisoned at Brest。) …
Duchaltelier (〃Brest pendant la Terreur;〃 205)。 Of the 975 prisoners;
106 were former nobles; 239 female nobles; 174 priests or monks; 206
nuns; 111 seamstresses; female workers etc; 56 were farmers; 46
artisans or workers; 17 merchants; 3 with a liberal profession。 One
is imprisoned for having secret opinions〃 a girl; 〃for being witty and
laughing at the patriots。〃
'145' Mallet…Dupan; 〃Correspondance Politique。〃 Introduction; p。
VIII。 (Hamburg; 1796。)
'146' Portalis; 〃De la Révision des Jugements;〃 1795。 (Saint…Beuve;
〃Causeries du Lundi;〃 V。; 452。) … Moniteur。 XXII; 86 (Report of
Grégoire; 14 Fructidor; year II): 〃Dumas said that all clever men (les
hommes d'esprit) should be sent to the guillotine。 。 。 Henriot
proposed to burn the National Library。 。 。 。 and his proposal is
repeated in Marseille。 。 。 The systematic persecution of talented
persons was organized。 。 。 。 〃 Shouts had been heard in the
sections: 〃Beware of that man as he as written a book。〃
'147' 〃Tableau des Prisons de Toulouse〃 by Pescayre; prisoner; year
III; p。 317 ( Messidor 22nd; year II)。 Pinson; secretary of the
reception; indoctrinated as follows the old duke de Lesparre:
〃Citoyen; your detention is used by your country as a means of
conversion。 Eight of your immediate family have; because they did not
take advantage of his opportunity; carried their heads to the
scaffold。 What have you done to avoid the sword of justice? Speak!
What are your feelings? Let us hear your principles。 Have you at last
renounced the arrogance of the ancient regime? Do you believe in
equality established by nature and ordained by the Convention? Who are
the sans…culottes you associate with? Is your cell not a meeting place
for the aristocrats? 。 。 。 It is I; who in the future will be your
company; I; who will make you familiar with the republican principles;
who will make you love them; and who will take care of your
improvement。〃
'148' Taillandier; Mémoires écrits par Daunau; à Port…Libre; in Aug。
1794; p。51; 52。
'149' Granier du Cassagnac; 〃Histoire du Directoire;〃 i。; 107。 (Trial
of Babeuf; extracts from Buonarotti; programme des 〃Egaux。〃) All
literature in favor of Revelation must be prohibited: children are to
be brought up in common; the child will no longer bear his father's
name; no Frenchman shall leave France; towns shall be demolished;
chateaux torn down and books proscribed; all Frenchmen shall wear one
special costume; armies shall be commanded by civil magistrates; the
dead shall be prosecuted and obtain burial only according to the
favorable decision of the court; no written document shall be
published without the consent of the government; etc。〃 … Cf。 〃Les
Meditations de Saint…Just。〃
'150' Guillon de Montléon; II。; 174。
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